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— Replacement of the refrigeration cycle.

1. When replacing the refrigeration cycle, be sure to

discharge the refrigerant system using a Freon

TM

recovery System.
If there is no valve to attach the recovery system,
install one (such as a WATCO A-1) before venting
the Freon

TM

. Leave the valve in place after servic-

ing the system.

2. After discharging the unit completely, remove the

desired component, and unbraze the pinch-off
tubes.

3. Solder service valves into the pinch-off tube ports,

leaving the valves open.

4. Evacuate as follows.

1) Connect the vacuum pump, as illustrated Figure

18A.

2) Start the vacuum pump, slowly open manifold 

valves A and B with two full turns 
counterclockwise and leave the valves open.
The vacuum pump is now pulling through valves
A and B up to valve C by means of the manifold
and entire system.

3) Operate the vacuum pump for 20 to 30 minutes, 

until 600 microns of vaccum is obtained. Close 
valves A and B, and observe vacuum gauge for 
a few minutes. A rise in pressure would 
indicate a possible leak or moisture remaining in 
the system. With valves A and B closed, stop 
the vacuum pump.

4) Remove the hose from the vacuum pump and 

place it on the charging cylinder. See figure 
18B.
Open valve C.
Discharge the line at the manifold connection.

5) The system is now ready for final charging.

5. Recharge as follows :

1) Refrigeration cycle systems are charged from 

the High-side. If the total charge can not be put 
in the High-side, the balance will be put in the 
suction line through the access valve which you 
installed as the system was opened.

2) Connect the charging cylinder as shown in figure 

18B.
With valve C open, discharge the hose at the 
manifold connection.

3) Open valve A and allow the proper charge to 

enter the system. Valve B is still closed.

4) If more charge is required, the High-side will not 

take it. Close valve A.

5) With the unit running, open valve B and add the 

balance of the charge.
a. Do not add the liquid refrigerant to the Low-

side.

b. Watch the Low-side gauge; allow pressure to 

rise to 30 lbs.

c. Turn off valve B and allow pressure to drop.
d. Repeat steps B and C until the balance of the 

charge is in the system.

6) When satisfied the unit is operating correctly, 

use the pinch-off tool with the unit still running 
and clamp on to the pinch-off tube. Using a tube 
cutter, cut the pinch-off tube about 2 inches from 
the pinch-off tool. Use sil-fos solder and solder 
pinch-off tube closed. Turn off the unit, allow it to 
set for a while, and then test the leakage of the 
pinch-off connection.

12

If high vacuum equipment is used, just crack
valves A and B for a few minutes, then open
slowly with the two full turns counterclockwise.
This will keep oil from foaming and being
drawn into the vacuum pump.

Equipment needed: Vacuum pump, Charging cylinder, Manifold gauge, Brazing equipment. Pinch-off tool capa-
ble of making a vapor-proof seal, Leak detector, Tubing cutter, Hand Tools to remove components, Service valve.

13

A

B

COMPOUND GAUGE

EVAPORATOR
(LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

SEE INSETS
BELOW

CONDENSER
(HIGH PRESSURE SIDE)

MANIFOLD

GAUGE

COMPRESSOR

CAPILLARY TUBE

B

A

EXTERNAL 
VACUUM PUMP

LOW

HI

B

A

C

CHARGING
CYLINDER

Following is a brief description of the important components and their function in what is called the refrigeration
system. Reference should made to Figure 25 to follow the refrigeration cycle and the flow of the refrigerant in the
cooling cycle.

16

MOTOR

COMPRESSOR

OIL

(LIQUID REFRIGERANT)

CAPILLARY TUBE 

OUTSIDE COOLING
AIR FOR REFRIGERANT
PASS THROUGH

SUCTION LINE
COOL LOW PRESSURE VAPOR

COOLED
AIR

COMPLETE LIQUID
BOIL OFF POINT

LIQUID
PRESSURE
DROP

ROOM AIR HEAT LOAD

VAPOR INLET

HOT
DISCHARGED
AIR

LIQUID OUTLET

HIGH PRESSURE VAPOR

LIQUID REFRIGERANT

LOW PRESSURE VAPOR

ROOM AIR CONDITIONER

EVAPORATOR COILS

CONDENSER COILS

CYCLE OF REFRIGERATION

Figure 25

CAPILLARY  TUBE

COMPRESSOR

BLOWER

EVAPORATOR  COIL

CONDENSER  COIL

FAN

MOTOR

:  COOLING CYCLE
:  HEATING CYCLE

25

Check the system for a restriction.

If restricted, clean or replace.

Close if open.

Determine if the unit is properly sized for the 
area to be cooled.

Check the set screw, or clamp. If loose or missing,
correct. If the blower or fan is hitting air guide,
rearrange the air handling parts.

Remove the cabinet and carefully rearrange
tubing not to contact cabinet, compressor, shroud,
and barrier.

Check the voltage at outlet. If none, correct.

Check the teminals. If loose, repair or replace.

Check for continuity, refer to the wiring diagram for
teminal identification. Replace the switch if the
circuit is open.

Check setting. Turn to warmest position.

Check the position of knob. If not at the warmest
setting, advance knob to this setting. Check conti-
nuity of the thermostat. Check continuity of control
by removing lead from terminal, turn the
selector switch to heat, and check between com-
mon terminal and H terminal. (NOTE: Room tem-
perature should be 30°C(86°F) or lower when test-
ing the temperature control.) If no continuity
exists, replace thermostat.

Selecter switch must be in the "      " mode.

Check continuity of the switch. Continuity should
be between terminals identified on wiring diagram
when the switch is in heat mode.

Check continuity of the reverse valve coil.
Continuity should be between two lead wires.
If none, check the reverse valve body.
Replace the part which is defective.

Refrigerating system

Air filter

Exhaust damper door

Unit undersized

Blower or fan

Copper tubing

No power

Wiring

Rotary switch

Temperature control position

Thermostat
(Temperature control)

Selector switch position

Selector switch

Reverse valve

Insufficient cooling or
heating.

Excessive noise.

No heat.